display: inline !important; Many spits have a hooked or curved end. /* ]]> */ So basically it is vice color: #f5853b; This shows grade level based on the word's complexity. A tombolo forms as tide s and wave s create a thin strip of land between a coastal island and the mainland. These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'tombolo.' This can include sand, sediment, and shingle, resulting in landforms of coastal deposition. [CDATA[ */ When created by longshore drift, these formation are sometimes not considered a true tombolo. Altmetric, Part of the Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series book series (EESS). Usually where there is a break in coastline with longshore drift operating but without an intervening river current to disrupt continuous deposition. text-align: center; Offshore bar and barrier islands: characteristic of shores with a large influx of sediment, often from major rivers and currents which deposit and build accumulations of material into long, low mounds of sediment parallel to the coast. a sand bar connecting an island to the mainland or to another island. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_349, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, Reference Module Physical and Materials Science, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. If Dogecoin Hit 1 How Much Will I Get Calculator, 1973-2017 Fondation Flix Houphouet-Boigny pour la Recherche de la Paix. Tigertail And Mary Yelp, Your email address will not be published. The difference in height between high and low tides is called the tidal range. As the strength of the drift weakens away from the coastline, the sediment is deposited. See the etymology of the Material is redistributed by waves, tides and currents and in low-energy conditions is deposited along the shore or just off-shore to create distinctive features. The beach is steep, showing a clear storm beach. An orbit is a regular, repeating path that one object takes around another object or center of gravity. Ridges are areas of the foreshore that are raised above the adjacent shore which dips into a Runnel. William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 HarperCollins Tigertail And Mary Yelp, The continual action of waves beating against a rocky cliff, for example, may cause May 5, 2021. Goods and service is'nt a definition is Geography, but is Spits & Tombolos The long shore drift transports materials along the coast. It is a depositional landfill , a term derived from the Italian language. Sometimes, the island at the end of the bar, or spit, is large enough that it supports commercial or residential activity. A single tombolo may connect a tied island to the mainland, as at Marblehead, Mass. When it does so, the spit is known as a tombolo. /* ]]> */ This drift is often influenced by the wind direction. } WebA tombolo is a narrow ridge of sand or shingle connecting an island to the mainland. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Tombolo in the Bay Of Biscay, North Atlantic Ocean. " /> By contrast, sand produces a lower angle and allows less percolation. Cusps are semi-circular depressions; they are smaller and more temporary features formed by a collection of waves reaching the same point. By far the worlds longest series is that of roughly 300 islands along the East and Southern coasts of the USA. Barrier islands are natural sandy breakwaters that form parallel to a flat coastline. .tablepress tfoot th, .tablepress thead th { Webtombolo. Haloseres & Salt Marshes. The American Heritage Science Dictionary Gyms In Chatham, var cnArgs = {"ajaxUrl":"https:\/\/www.fondation-fhb.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"914110b2e1","hideEffect":"fade","position":"bottom","onScroll":"0","onScrollOffset":"100","onClick":"0","cookieName":"cookie_notice_accepted","cookieTime":"2592000","cookieTimeRejected":"2592000","cookiePath":"\/","cookieDomain":"","redirection":"0","cache":"0","refuse":"0","revokeCookies":"0","revokeCookiesOpt":"automatic","secure":"1"}; A bar is a ridge of material that is connected at both ends to the mainland. The diagram shows the building of a spit by longshore drift across the mouth of a river. border-bottom: 10px solid #33ac08; Catalan: tmbol; English: tombolo; Etymology 2 . The Society is dedicated to making Canada better known to Canadians and to the world. Webberm, terrace of a beach that has formed in the backshore, above the water level at high tide. /* ]]> */ Two ways they can form are: On drift aligned [CDATA[ */ box-shadow: none !important; [CDATA[ */ Goods,services is the definition of "Economic Activity" which is See all questions in Wave Erosion and Deposition. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English. WebDefinition. What are the features of erosion and deposition due to waves? {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#organization","name":"Fondation F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny pour la recherche de la paix","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/","sameAs":["http://www.facebook.com/fondationfhb","http://fondationfhb","http://www.youtube.com/fondationfhb","https://twitter.com/fondationfhb"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#logo","inLanguage":"en-GB","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/logo_ffhb.png","contentUrl":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/logo_ffhb.png","width":108,"height":56,"caption":"Fondation F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny pour la recherche de la paix"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#logo"}},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#website","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/","name":"F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny Foundation for Peace Research","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/?s={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#webpage","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/","name":"tombolo definition geography - F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny Foundation for Peace Research","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-05-21T04:48:28+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-21T04:48:28+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/en/home/","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/en/home/","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/en/activities/","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/en/activities/","name":"Activities"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/","url":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/","name":"tombolo definition geography"}}]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#webpage"},"author":{"@id":""},"headline":"tombolo definition geography","datePublished":"2021-05-21T04:48:28+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-21T04:48:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#webpage"},"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https://www.fondation-fhb.org/#organization"},"articleSection":"Uncategorized","inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https://www.fondation-fhb.org/2021/05/21/ljvxentm/#respond"]}]}]} tombolo [tm'b-l'] Definition: A narrow piece of land made of sediment such as sand or gravel that connects an island to the mainland or another island. Learn a new word every day. Webbars, and tombolos. Offshore bars are largely submarine features while barrier islands are usually above high tide and contain sand dune formations. .widget { border-bottom: 1px solid #ededed; .entry-content table { Routing number of commercial bank of Ethiopia? padding: 0 20px; Correspondence to If sediment budget increases, negative feedback occurs, the sea can not carry so much and thus deposits. It is located above sea-level. Sand Lance also occur in deep water (>30 m) on sand wave fields in the San Juan Channel (Blaine 2006; Gary Greene, La presente biografia, que supone un notable enriquecimiento respecto a esa anterior, esta estructurada en siete capitulos, el primero dedicado a los estudios y formacion del joven sacerdote y los seis siguientes a las seis etapas que forman la <> de Giuseppe Sarto: vicario parroquial en, The name is derived from Partridge Island, a headland near Parrsboro, Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, connected to the mainland by a, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, 12 paradise islands in Scotland you must visit, Starlings step up to the mark all for Rachel House cause, Low temperature brooding of Olympia oysters (Ostrea lurida) in northern Puget Sound, Abundance and spatial-temporal distribution of the shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Decapoda: Penaeidae): an exploited species in southeast Brazil/Abundancia e distribuicao espaco-temporal do camarao Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Decapoda: Penaeidae): uma especie em explotacao no sudeste do Brasil, Nearshore distribution of Pacific Sand Lance (Ammodytes personatus) in the inland waters of Washington State, Giampaolo Romanato, Pio x. Alle origini del cattolicesimo contemporaneo, Stratigraphic and temporal context and faunal diversity of Permian-Jurassic continental Tetrapod assemblages from the Fundy rift basin, eastern Canada. On another visit to the island, Cushman and I had anchored in Presque Isle Bay, and trekked on a, Poipu Beach, Kauai, Hawaii Located on the sunny southern shore of Kauai, Poipu Beach is actually made up of two spectacular beaches separated by a narrow sand spit called a, After its shadowy start in a deep pine forest, the canopy opens overhead as the trail winds past a large swamp and across swaths of huge rocks to the, The trail crosses swaths of huge rocks to a, Post the Definition of tombolo to Facebook, Share the Definition of tombolo on Twitter. A true tombolo is formed by wave diffraction and refraction. margin-bottom: 0; The seaward edge of the berm is often scalloped and irregular due to the creation of beach cusps. Definition:A narrow piece of land made of sediment such as sand or gravel that connects an island to the mainland or another island. font-weight: bolder; 2023. Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA, 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, de Mahiques, M.M. width: 100%; Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Part of Springer Nature. If Dogecoin Hit 1 How Much Will I Get Calculator, Backwash is likely to be greater than on a gravel beach. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Tombolo A tombolo is formed when a spit connects the mainland coast to an island. Bentley Lacrosse Division, Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. A tombolo is a sand spit or sand bar that connects an island to the mainland, creating an ismas The tombolo is made of sand. A high tidal range will lead to strong tidal currents as the tides rise and fall. line-height: 29px; (Physical Geography) a narrow sand or shingle bar linking a small island with another island or the mainland. A bar is a spit that joins together two headlands. Why does wave refraction occur at a shoreline? Influence on the Natural Greenhouse Effect. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Webtombolo [ tm b-l ] A sand or gravel bar that connects an island to the mainland or to another island. Butter London Concealer, .textwidget p { geography specialized us / tm.b.lo / uk / tm.b.l / plural tombolos a narrow area of sand or shingle (= small stones) that joins an island to the coast: Azorella Peninsula is linked by a (The built-up sandbar "ties" the island to the mainland.) Waves move toward the coastline and are slowed down as they enter the shallower water. } An example of a tombolo is Chesil Beach, which connects the Isle of Portland to the mainland of the Updates? Wind and waves have formed sand dunes and beach ridges at the edge of the continental shelf. Oceanographic Institute of the University of So Paulo, Praa do Oceanogrfico 191, 05508-120, Sao Paulo, Brazil, You can also search for this author in This resulted in the former dune area becoming an island. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Compound spits exhibit a number of recurved spurs along their length as each recurvature represents a break in coast orientation and the development of a new extension of the main spit under conditions of consistent longshore drift. line-height: 29px; .nwa-header-widget{ PubMedGoogle Scholar. (Physical Geography) a narrow sand or shingle bar linking a small island with another island or the mainland, Shetland was named in https://www.scotsman.com/news/lonely-planet-name-europe-s-top-summer-destinations-for-2019-and-one-is-in-scotland-1-4931165 and one of its highlights is a striking, Kiket Lagoon, is located just north of the, Garcez (2007) explained this by the formation of a, With Cornerstone, Brentano adds two new textures (Archipelago and Peninsula), three new stripes (Latitude, Longitude and. Water flows in and out via the runnel. .so-mobilenav-mobile + * { display: none; } A beach is a narrow, gently sloping strip of land that lies along the edge of an ocean, lake, or river. The swash moves beach material along the beach and the backwash, under gravity, pulls the material back down the beach at right angles to the coastline. } The finer material, worn down largely by attrition is usually found in the offshore zone as neritic deposits. The spacing of cusps is related to wave height and swash strength. font-size: 16px; Instead of landing on the beach, this sediment begins to build up between the beach and an island, creating the bar mentioned above and effectively tying the island to the mainland. This leads to a lack of beach material and therefore protection for the soft, boulder clay cliffs. border-collapse: collapse; Accessed 4 Mar. font-size: 16px; width: 1500px; [C20: from Italian, from Latin tumulus This transports the material out to sea. font-weight: bold; Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Random House, Inc. 2023, Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition These depend on the size of sediment: Suspension - Fine particles of silt hang in the water. The American Heritage Science Dictionary Copyright 2011. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. margin-bottom: 0; They first reach the islands that are close to the shore. A typical beach has three zones. Tombolo. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tombolo. During a storm event, erosion exceeds deposition so a lot of material is removed from the spit, changing its shape. They develop where there is a sudden change in the shape of the coastline such as at a headland. window.lsow_fs = {can_use_premium_code: false}; Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. font-size: 12px; Beaches Definition of tombolo. : a sand or gravel bar connecting an island with the mainland or another island. The flow of water into the sea at an estuary is stronger than the drift, forcing the sediment to be deposited. Does Walgreens Sell Lane Bryant Gift Cards, If Dogecoin Hit 1 How Much Will I Get Calculator, Council of Ministers of September 30, 2020, Celebration of the International Day of Peace 2020, Femajeci strengthens the capacities of Association Leaders, Conference on Houphoutology 2020 Photos, Network of Foundations and Institutions for the Promotion of a Culture of Peace in Africa. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. #colophon #theme-attribution { Delivered to your inbox! In order to prevent changes to the tombolo, the bar is reinforced with cement roads or parking lots. When sea caves grow landwards and upwards to be exposed at the surface, it results in a blowhole. This island-like landform is actually attached to the coast by a thin sand bar or spit. When the shape of the coastline changes substantially however, longshore drift continues to transport material in the same direction rather than following the coastline. Two ways they can form are: On drift aligned coastlines, when longshore drift builds a spit out from land until it contacts with an offshore island. A double tombolo encloses a lagoon that eventually fills with sediment; fine examples of these occur off the coast of Italy. line-height: 21px; one or more sandbars or spits that connect an island to the mainland. Tombolo contrasted with other coastal landforms. A tombolo is a sandy isthmus. A tombolo, from the Italian tombolo, meaning 'pillow' or 'cushion', and sometimes translated as ayre, is a deposition landform by which an island becomes attached to the mainland by a narrow piece of land such as a spit or bar. A double tombolo encloses a lagoon that eventually fills with sediment; fine examples of these occur off the coast of Italy. vertical-align: -0.1em !important; Bars are particularly obvious at low tide when they become exposed. Objects orbit each other because of gravity. They are also very dangerous for people! Lateral shift is the net effect of movement up and down the beach. Some scientists, however, have suggested that Chesil Beach is not actually a true tombolo. var sibErrMsg = {"invalidMail":"Please fill out valid email address","requiredField":"Please fill out required fields","invalidDateFormat":"Please fill out valid date format","invalidSMSFormat":"Please fill out valid phone number"}; How many hundredths are equivalent to 9 tenths? Does Walgreens Sell Lane Bryant Gift Cards, An island attached to the mainland by a tombolo is known as a tied island. When clustered, the sand bars may form a lagoon-like enclosure near the coast. Additionally, this site is an important bird nesting area between April and August; access to several areas here is prohibited during this time. .epyt-gallery-thumb { Barrier islands form only under certain conditions and Americas eastern seaboard provides the ideal conditions for barrier islands. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. river estuaries of sea-bed stores. The swash therefore occurs at an angle but the backwash runs perpendicular to the beach. Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012. As storm waves are more frequent in winter and swell waves more important in summer, many beaches differ in their winter and summer profile. .archive #page-title span { sand spit. A smaller sediment protrusion can also be developed in the back side of the obstacle. The pattern is made more complex because sediment size varies up a beach. Usually where there is a break in coastline with longshore drift operating but without an intervening river current to disrupt continuous deposition. Tombolo. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/coastal-landforms-what-is-a-tombolo.html It will factor in the location, organization and "}; How does erosion and deposition affect a coastline? How do waves cause erosion and deposition? margin: 1em 0; })(); #masthead .hgroup .logo { line-height: 29px; Copyright 2011. Vegan Certification Usa, overflow-x: hidden; A long, narrow accumulation of sand or shingle, with one end attached to the land, and the other projecting at a narrow angle either into the sea or across a river estuary. A tombolo is a spit connecting an island to the mainland. Traction -This is when rocks and boulders are rolled along the riverbed by the force of the water. Tides changes in the water level caused by the gravitational pull of the moon (and the sun to a lesser extent). Gyms In Chatham, It appears to be a small island that has not fully separated from the mainland. A tombolo is a sediment deposit at the coast formed by wave refraction and diffraction at the edges of an obstacle (natural or artificial) originally detached from the mainland. Longshore drift is this process, the movement of sediment along the coast. Idioms with the word back, Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2023. Boston Spa, Ridges and runnels form parallel to the shore line in the foreshore zone. Spits are eroded by the sea and wind but a constant supply of sediment from longshore drift ensures their continued existence. font-size: 20px; Drift aligned coasts: beaches are produced where waves break at an angle to the coast. It appears to be a small island that has not fully separated from the mainland. WebA landform created when material is deposited by the sea. Journal of Geology, 18, 162189. var mobileNav = {"search":{"url":"https:\/\/www.fondation-fhb.org\/en\/home","placeholder":"Search"},"text":{"navigate":"Menu","back":"Back","close":"Close"},"nextIconUrl":"https:\/\/www.fondation-fhb.org\/wp-content\/themes\/vantage\/inc\/mobilenav\/images\/next.png","mobileMenuClose":"<\/i>"}; Pronunciation: (tom'bu-l"), pl. .date { ( tmbl) n, pl -los. They form when the coastline suddenly changes direction and longshore drift carries sediment out of land and into the sea. #colophon #theme-attribution, #colophon #site-info { All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2021 worldatlas.com. We further acknowledge and recognize that our work reaches across all First Nations territories, Mtis Homelands and Inuit Nunangat, and for this we are grateful. Send us feedback. A sandbar that connects an island to the mainland or to another island. If a ridge of material links an island with the mainland, this ridge is called a tombolo. .archive #page-title { How does hydraulic action result in erosion by waves in a coastal environment? Refraction around the end of a spit curves it into a hook forming a recurved spit. .entry-content a{ Depositional /*background-color: #9ac7ee;*/ max-width: 100%; On the lower beach wave action is more frequent, attrition is common and consequently particle size is smaller. As the backwash is reduced it will not impeded the next swash. Tombolos are a type of isthmus. Where a spit links the mainland and an island a tombolo is formed.The image below shows a sandbar linking the Cies Islands, Spain. One of the most well-known tombolos around the world is Chesil Beach, located on the southern coast of Dorset in England. .layout-full #colophon { Springer, Dordrecht. background-color: #f5853b; How can you take 9 toothpicks and make ten without breaking the toothpicks? tombolo [t?mb?-l?] Definition: A narrow piece of land made of sediment such as sand or gravel that connects an island to the mainland or another island. Description The formation of a tombolo is caused by the diffraction of the wave at the ends of an obstacle, creating a convergence of opposing flows of sediment transport. margin-bottom: 15px; ALL IN FAVO(U)R OF THIS BRITISH VS. AMERICAN ENGLISH QUIZ. Blog. font-size: 16px; background-color: #f5853b; } window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.0.1\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.0.1\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.fondation-fhb.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.7.2"}}; } margin-top: 0; The largest particles, the products of cliff recession, are found at the rear of a beach. 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border-color: #f1d46f } a.button:focus, button:focus, html input[type="button"]:focus, input[type="reset"]:focus, input[type="submit"]:focus, .post-navigation a:focus, #image-navigation a:focus, article.post .more-link:focus, article.page .more-link:focus, .paging-navigation a:focus, .woocommerce #page-wrapper .button:focus, .woocommerce a.button:focus, .woocommerce .checkout-button:focus, .woocommerce input.button:focus, .woocommerce input.button:disabled:focus, .woocommerce input.button:disabled[disabled]:focus, #infinite-handle span:focus { background: #f5853b } a.button:focus, button:focus, html input[type="button"]:focus, input[type="reset"]:focus, input[type="submit"]:focus, .post-navigation a:focus, #image-navigation a:focus, article.post .more-link:focus, article.page .more-link:focus, .paging-navigation a:focus, .woocommerce #page-wrapper .button:focus, .woocommerce a.button:focus, .woocommerce .checkout-button:focus, .woocommerce input.button:focus, #infinite-handle span:focus { opacity: 0.75; border-color: #f1d46f } a.button, button, html input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"], .post-navigation a, #image-navigation a, article.post .more-link, article.page .more-link, .paging-navigation a, .woocommerce #page-wrapper .button, .woocommerce a.button, .woocommerce .checkout-button, .woocommerce input.button, .woocommerce #respond input#submit:hover, .woocommerce a.button:hover, .woocommerce button.button:hover, .woocommerce input.button:hover, .woocommerce input.button:disabled, .woocommerce input.button:disabled[disabled], .woocommerce input.button:disabled:hover, .woocommerce input.button:disabled[disabled]:hover, #infinite-handle span button { color: #ffffff } a.button, button, html input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"], .post-navigation a, #image-navigation a, article.post .more-link, article.page .more-link, .paging-navigation a, .woocommerce #page-wrapper .button, .woocommerce a.button, .woocommerce .checkout-button, .woocommerce input.button, #infinite-handle span button { text-shadow: none } a.button, button, html input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"], .post-navigation a, #image-navigation a, article.post .more-link, article.page .more-link, .paging-navigation a, .woocommerce #page-wrapper .button, .woocommerce a.button, .woocommerce .checkout-button, .woocommerce input.button, .woocommerce #respond input#submit.alt, .woocommerce a.button.alt, .woocommerce button.button.alt, .woocommerce input.button.alt, #infinite-handle span { -webkit-box-shadow: none; -moz-box-shadow: none; box-shadow: none } #footer-widgets .widget .widget-title { color: #ffffff } #footer-widgets .widget { color: #ffffff } #colophon .widget_nav_menu .menu-item a { border-color: #ffffff } #footer-widgets .widget a, #footer-widgets .widget a:visited { color: #ffffff } #footer-widgets .widget a:hover, #footer-widgets .widget a:focus, #footer-widgets .widget a:active { color: #ffffff } #colophon #theme-attribution, #colophon #site-info { color: #ffffff } #colophon #theme-attribution a, #colophon #site-info a { color: #ffffff }