Captain Thomas Tower replaced Captain Binney on 30 August 1933. She was also the largest warship afloat when she was commissioned, and retained that distinction for the next 20 years. All the 5.5-inch guns were removed during another refit in 1940. May 24th marks the loss of the battlecruiser HMS Hood and 1415 of her crew. You can also click below to view a single list of all names to P.O. To compensate for the additional weight, the 4 midships above water torpedo tubes and the armour for the rear torpedo warheads were removed, and the armour for the aft torpedo-control tower was reduced in thickness from 6 to 1.5 inches (38mm). Dunkerque's sister ship, Strasbourg, managed to escape from the harbour. -H.M.S. [85], The evidence of the wreck refutes Goodall's theory of a torpedo explosion, while the eyewitness evidence of venting from the 4-inch magazine prior to the main explosion conflicts with the theory that the Hood was blown up by her own guns. This change increased the ship's vulnerability to plunging (high-trajectory) shells, as it exposed more of the vulnerable deck armour. HMS Hood destroyer out at sea during World War II Loaded Progress 0:00 / 0:25 Video Quality 576p 540p 360p 270p more videos Watch video Moment hockey fan gets socked in the face at game after. The decks were made of high-tensile steel. When the Battle of Jutland broke out in mid-1916, that battle revealed serious flaws in its design, before it ended four years later. Kenneth Ellison. Hood Crew Information . [21] An Admiralty document indicates however that, following the 1941 refit at Rosyth, Hood's Type 279 radar was indeed functional. We are the official veterans, families and enthusiast association for British battle cruiser H.M.S. [103] A third piece was found in Glasgow, where Hood was built. Already under construction when the Battle of Jutland occurred in mid-1916, that battle revealed serious flaws in her design despite drastic revisions before she was completed four years later. May 2016 is the 75th anniversary of Hood's sinking. "[70] The first formal board of enquiry into the loss, presided over by Vice-Admiral Sir Geoffrey Blake, reported on 2 June, less than a fortnight after the loss. what was the premier league called before; Tags . In addition to the above, submissions by individuals remains a valuable contribution to the database. In 1941, 'The Mighty Hood' and the battleship Prince of Wales were ordered to intercept the . Roster entries: 90,827 (for 89,120 people) Service Persons; Merchant Navy: 43,355: RN: 13,428 . Rapid expansion of the resulting combustion gases from the conflagration then caused structural failure, passing out through the sides of the ship as well as forward and upwards via the engine room vents, expelling the aft main battery turrets and causing the stern to be detached from the rest of the hull at the aft armoured bulkhead. [4] They were shipped on shielded single-pivot mounts fitted along the upper deck and the forward shelter deck. HMS Hood (hull number 51) was a battleship of the Royal Navy (RN). Prinz Eugen was probably the first ship to score when a shell hit Hood's boat deck, between her funnels, and started a large fire among the ready-use ammunition for the anti-aircraft guns and rockets of the UP mounts. Its impact is still felt today . RN men were needed to fully crew ships such as HMS Hood, HMS Prince Of Wales etc. To save construction time, this was accomplished by thickening the existing armour, rather than redesigning the entire ship. With the backing of the HMS Hood Association, Mearns planned to return the bell to Portsmouth where it would form part of the first official and permanent memorial to the sacrifice of her last crew at the newly refitted National Museum of the Royal Navy. The fire on the boat deck penetrated to a magazine. William was born in Jarrow 1929, the son of Thomas and Catherine Ramshaw (nee Gibson) of Jarrow. Conceptualized during World War I as the follow on to the Queen Elizabeth class super-dreadnoughts, which were some of the most powerful battleships in the world at the time, the Admiral-class . The catapult and crane were removed in 1932, along with the flying-off platform on 'B' turret. The relevant series of documents are ADM188 (men joined before 1926), ADM362 (men joining 1926-1928) and ADM363 (service after 1929 for men joining before before that date). In addition to the two inscriptions, the bell still wears vivid royal blue paint work on its crown as well as its interior. [88], The search team and equipment had to be organised within four months, to take advantage of a narrow window of calm conditions in the North Atlantic. [4] The ship's secondary armament consisted of twelve BL 5.5-inch (140mm) Mk I guns, each with 200 rounds. At 0925 hours, when the Ohio, . Only three men from her 1,418-man crew survived. HMS Hood (pennant number 51) was a battlecruiser of the Royal Navy (RN). That said, it is the work of more than 20 years, and is unlikely to be surpassed elsewhere else. Crew & Dockyard Workers Lost Prior to the Sinking (Sept 1916 - May 1941) Late in her career, Hood was outclassed by the armour and protective arrangement of Second World War-era fast battleships, but few of the RN's available "big gun" vessels could match Bismarck's speed. She embarked a Fairey IIIF from No. One was mounted above the conning tower, protected by an armoured hood, and was fitted with a 30-foot (9.1m) rangefinder. Captain Harold Reinold relieved Captain im Thurn on 30 April 1925 and was relieved in turn by Captain Wilfred French on 21 May 1927. To request a crew list to view in the reading room, please . Hood sank stern first with 1418 men aboard. Evidence given to the second board indicated that the doors for the 4-inch ammunition supply trunks were closed throughout the action. [30] During her 19291931 refit, the platform was removed from 'X' turret and a rotating, folding catapult was installed on her quarterdeck, along with a crane to recover a seaplane. Hood Association. The exact cause of the loss of Hood remains a subject of debate. Positions authorised to be filled aboard Hood, Crew Biographies The Nelson-Class Battleship Pennant number 29, HMS Rodney was one of only two Nelson -class battleships built for the Royal Navy in the 1920s. [91] Other researchers have claimed that the final salvo fired by Hood was not a salvo at all, but flame from the forward magazine explosion, which gave the illusion of Hood firing for the last time. Hood Roll of Honour List (24th May 1941), You can also try searching our database for a particular name C.P.O. Two years later, the "pom-pom" directors were moved to the rear corners of the bridge to get them out of the funnel gases. Hood, H.M.S. Unfortunately, there is no surviving official single listing of ALL men who served in her. HMS Hood (pennant number 51) was the last battlecruiser built for the Royal Navy. [40] In addition, she was grossly overweight compared to her original design, making her a wet ship with a highly stressed structure. Hood Crew Information- H.M.S. HMS Challenger: a trailblazer for modern ocean science 150 years ago, HMS Challenger departed England on a quest to explore the world's oceans. 2616 The Protection of Military Remains Act of 1986 (Designation of Vessels and Controlled Sites) Order 2006", "HMS Hood's bell unveiled at Navy museum Portsmouth", "Conserved HMS Hood bell rings out on 75th anniversary of largest ever Royal Navy loss", "Photos of the Wreck of H.M.S. HMS Hood v Bismarck The fame Bismarck received for sinking HMS Hood and then being hunted in turn have turned her into a legend. [54], Hood was due to be modernised in 1941 to bring her up to a standard similar to that of other modernised First World War-era capital ships. Hood Association Facebook Page Hood Rolls of Honour Updated 01-Jan-2020 These memorials are dedicated to those who died whilst building and serving aboard Hood. As a result, for the Midshipmen and junior officers who served in Hood in the later years of the 1930s little information in addition to the date on which they joined the ship is available without charge. The Admiral-class, HMS Hood, 1941 is a rank V British battlecruiser with a battle rating of 7.0 (AB/RB/SB). [64], Just before 06:00, while Hood was turning 20 to port to unmask her rear turrets, she was hit again on the boat deck by one or more shells from Bismarck's fifth salvo, fired from a range of approximately 16,650 metres (18,210yd). She was attached to the Mediterranean fleet shortly afterwards and stationed at Gibraltar at the outbreak of the Second Italo-Abyssinian War in October. The container and its contents were subsequently lost, but its lid survived and was eventually presented to the Royal Navy shore establishment HMS Centurion in 1981.[103][104]. Hood Crew Information- H.M.S. The captains of both ships were court-martialled, as was the squadron commander, Rear Admiral Sidney Bailey. The single guns were removed in mid-1939 and a further three twin Mark XIX mounts were added in early 1940. Below are just some of our members who have served at HMS Royal Arthur. (7) 30 May 1940 The troopships Antonia (British, 13867 GRT, built 1921) and Duchess of Richmond (British, 22022 GRT, built 1928) departed Liverpool for Halifax. William Ramshaw HMS Janus (d.23rd Jan 1944) William Ramshaw served on board HMS Janus and died, age 19, on the 23rd January 1944 when his ship was bombed and sunk at Anzio. As such, it remains a protected place under the Protection of Military Remains Act of 1986. For instance, the never-built G3 battlecruiser was classified as such, although it would have been more of a fast battleship than Hood. The objective of the cruise was to remind the dominions of their dependence on British sea power and encourage them to support it with money, ships, and facilities. No hits were scored, but the submarine crash-dived and retreated. [95], In 2002, the site was officially designated a war grave by the British government. Harold Thorpe. At full speed, or in heavy seas, water would flow over the ship's quarterdeck and often entered the messdecks and living quarters through ventilation shafts. Wherever possible, records were cross-referenced and/or supplemented with information from the database of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC), Northeast War Memorials Project, FLEET-DNPERS, The National Archives (TNA), various Admiralty 104 series documents, Navy Lists, the H.M.S. Transferred to the Home Fleet shortly afterwards, Hood was dispatched to Scapa Flow, and operated in the area as a convoy escort and later as a defence against a potential German invasion fleet. A shell, falling short and travelling underwater, struck below the armoured belt and penetrated a magazine. In the afternoon two more Swordfish conducted an A/S patrol around the carrier force. Draft: 32 ft. . Captain Thomas Binney assumed command on 15 August 1932 and the ship resumed her previous practice of a winter cruise in the Mediterranean the next year. All crew were off the ship at 0430 on 14 Nov as the list increased to 35 degrees. Over 40.000 pages on the officers, the boats, technology and the Allied efforts to counter the U-boat threat. Updated 06-Jun-2022. Three torpedo-control towers were fitted, each with a 15-foot (4.6m) rangefinder. It is held by a private collector and stamped HMS HOOD v HMS RENOWN 23 1 35. The damage to Hood was limited to her left outer propeller and an 18-inch (460mm) dent, although some hull plates were knocked loose from the impact. In Jurens's opinion, the popular image of plunging shells penetrating Hood's deck armour is inaccurate, as by his estimation the angle of fall of Bismarck's 15-inch shells at the moment of the loss would not have exceeded about 14, an angle so unfavourable to penetration of horizontal armour that it is actually off the scale of contemporaneous German penetration charts. [25], The armoured belt consisted of face-hardened Krupp cemented armour (KC), arranged in three strakes. PO. Moreover, computer-generated profiles of Hood show that a shell falling at this angle could not have reached an aft magazine without first passing through some part of the belt armour. She was above all the proud steel ambassador of the whole Royal Navy and of the country. Hood was hit by a 250kg (550lb) bomb from a Junkers Ju 88 bomber that damaged her port torpedo bulge and her condensers. H.M.S. The Board came to a conclusion almost identical to that of the first board, expressed as follows: That the sinking of Hood was due to a hit from Bismarck's 15-inch shell in or adjacent to Hood's 4-inch or 15-inch magazines, causing them all to explode and wreck the after part of the ship. The Hood had been launched in 1918 and was armed . These deaths constituted the Royal Navy's greatest single ship loss of the Second World War. H.M.S. She displaced 42,670 long tons (43,350t) at load and 46,680 long tons (47,430t) at deep load, over 13,000 long tons (13,210t) more than the older ships. According to Goodall's theory, the ship's torpedoes could have been detonated either by the fire raging on the boat deck or, more probably, by a direct hit from. Patrick Drennan. THE only three British sailors to have survived the sinking of HMS Hood after an attack by the Nazis have spoken about their terrifying ordeal the day after the 75th anniversary of D-Day. [34] However, the US continued with their established design direction, the slower, but well-protected, South Dakota-class battleship and the fast and lightly armoured Lexington-class battlecruiser, both of which were later cancelled in accordance with the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922. The main waterline belt was 12 inches (305mm) thick between 'A' and 'Y' barbettes and thinned to 5 to 6 inches (127 to 152mm) towards the ship's ends, but did not reach either the bow or the stern. [72], Both boards of enquiry exonerated Vice-Admiral Holland from any blame regarding the loss of Hood. He then joined HMS Letchworth and was promoted to Wireman (LC) on 26/10/43. HMS Hood broke in two and sank in a mere matter of minutes. These problems also reduced her steam output so that she was unable to attain her designed speed. Its main conclusion is that the loss was almost certainly precipitated by the explosion of a 4-inch magazine, but that there are several ways this could have been initiated, although he rules out the boat deck fire or the detonation of her torpedoes as probable causes. This position shows the rudder locked into a 20 port turn, confirming that orders had been given (just prior to the aft magazines detonating) to change the ship's heading and bring the aft turrets 'X' and 'Y' to bear on the German ships. As completed, Hood had an overall length of 860feet 7inches (262.3m), a maximum beam of 104feet 2inches (31.8m), and a draught of 32 feet (9.8m) at deep load. [5] This characteristic earned her the nickname of "the largest submarine in the Navy". [38] Following the loss of three British battlecruisers at the Battle of Jutland, 5,000tons of extra armour and bracing were added to Hood's design. Although this can be ascertained by tracing his next ship, this is a prohibitively time consuming process. HMS Hood bore the motto "with favorable winds" and was named after Admiral Sir Samuel Hood, a victorious commander in the Seven Years' War, the American Revolutionary War . In March Janus was involved in the battle of Cape Matapan, whilst a unit of the 14th DD Flotilla, under Captain Mack aboard . Ted Briggs was the last survivor of the battle cruiser HMS Hood, sunk by the German warship Bismarck in the North Atlantic during the Second World War. [7] The ship's complement varied widely over her career; in 1919, she was authorised 1,433 men as a squadron flagship; in 1934, she had 81 officers and 1,244 ratings aboard. In May 1941, Hood and the battleship Prince of Wales were ordered to intercept the German battleshipBismarck and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen, which were en route to the Atlantic, where they were to attack convoys. . Barham Navy List: Hood, Robert: 05/10/1893: Gunner RMA: 09/08/1915: 20/02/1918: 13714: ADM 159/87/13714: Hope, Robert: Here you will find our attempt at creating such a listing. She sported two funnels amidships about her superstructure with the bridge stationed ahead. Hood and several light cruisers gave chase, but gave up after two hours; Hood had dodged a salvo of torpedoes from a French sloop and had damaged a turbine reaching 28 knots (52km/h; 32mph). [11] The antiaircraft guns were controlled by a simple high-angle 2-metre (6ft 7in) rangefinder mounted on the aft control position,[17] fitted in 19261927. On paper, Hood retained the same armament and level of protection, while being significantly faster. As a result, a second Board was convened under Rear Admiral Sir Harold Walker and reported in September 1941. [66] A huge jet of flame burst out of Hood from the vicinity of the mainmast,[Note 1] followed by a devastating magazine explosion that destroyed the aft part of the ship. Unlike Tiger, the armour was angled outwards 12 from the waterline to increase its relative thickness in relation to flat-trajectory shells. The official Admiralty communiqu on the loss, broadcast on the day of the sinking, reported that: "during the action, HMS Hood received an unlucky hit in a magazine and blew up. HMS Ledbury saved some of her crew out of the blazing sea. Hood was nothing without the many men it took to design, built and operate her. The fleet was spotted by the Germans and attacked by aircraft from the KG 26 and KG 30 bomber wings. The spectacular end of HMS Hood demonstrated what many in the Royal Navy already knew . Crew Lost During the Sinking of Hood, 24th May 1941, Crew & Dockyard Workers Lost Prior to the Sinking (Sept 1916 - May 1941). As a result, the greater part of the infomation that we have brought together in this database has come from the service records of individual men. Published by at June 13, 2022. HMS Hood (pennant number 51) was the last battlecruiser built for the Royal Navy. [14] When they detonated, the rockets shot out lengths of cable that were kept aloft by parachutes; the cable was intended to snag aircraft and draw up the small aerial mine that would destroy the aircraft. A meeting place for Association members and Hood enthusiasts. It has been suggested that the fatal fire spread from the aft end of the ship through the starboard fuel tanks, since the starboard side of Hood "appears to be missing most, if not all of its torpedo bulge plating". This is a public FB page for the H.M.S. Hood was the first of the planned four Admiral-class battlecruisers to be built during the First World War. HMS Repulse was one of two Renown -class battlecruisers built for the Royal Navy during the First World War. Of the known surviving pieces, one is privately held and another was given by the Hood family to the Hood Association in 2006. Notes: (1) Casualty information in order - Surname, First name, Initial(s), Rank and part of the Service other than RN (RNR, RNVR, RFR etc), Service Number (ratings only, also . [74], Memorials to those who died are spread widely around the UK, and some of the crew are commemorated in different locations. One of these hits contaminated a good portion of the ship's fuel supply and subsequently caused her to steer for safety in occupied France where she could be repaired. [44], Shortly after commissioning on 15 May 1920, Hood became the flagship of the Battlecruiser Squadron of the Atlantic Fleet, under the command of Rear Admiral Sir Roger Keyes. [58], Hood and the aircraft carrier Ark Royal were ordered to Gibraltar to join Force H on 18 June where Hood became the flagship. [24] Hood's protection accounted for 33% of her displacement, a high proportion by British standards, but less than was usual in contemporary German designs (for example, 36% for the battlecruiser SMSHindenburg). Monthly listings of officers who served in Hood, Admirals & Captains [35], Influences from Hood showed on subsequent Lexington designs, with the reduction of the main armour belt, the change to "sloped armour", and the addition of four above-water torpedo tubes to the four underwater tubes of the original design. It has also been supplemented with a great deal of in-depth information from other researchers, most notably Don Kindell, Mary Mckeown, Mary Mochan and the Director of Naval Personnel (Disclosure Cell), Navy Command HQ, to whom we are eternally grateful. HMS Hood was the pride of the Royal Navy. [88], After footage of Bismarck was collected, Mearns and the search team began scanning a 600-square-nautical-mile (2,100km2) search box for Hood; completely covering the area was estimated to take six days. More recently, the records for men who joined the Royal Navy before 1929 have been released into the public domain and are available on Ancestry (subscription required) or The National Archives (free if registered). The U-boat War in World War Two (Kriegsmarine, 1939-1945) and World War One (Kaiserliche Marine, 1914-1918) and the Allied efforts to counter the threat. Admiral Tom Phillips and others criticised the conduct of the inquiry, largely because no verbatim record of witnesses' testimony had been kept. hms hood: crew list. The loss of HMS Hood, with 1,400 crew was the Royal Navy's darkest hour. The crew was safe and later returned to HMS Ark Royal. [65] A shell from this salvo appears to have hit the spotting top, as the boat deck was showered with body parts and debris. [93] Bill Jurens points out that there was no magazine of any kind at the location of the break and that the location of the break just forward of the forward transverse armoured bulkhead suggests that the ship's structure failed there as a result of stresses inflicted when the bow was lifted into the vertical position by the sinking stern section. [90] In 2015, the same team attempted a second recovery operation and Hood's bell was finally retrieved on 7 August 2015. [26], The gun turrets and barbettes were protected by 11 to 15 inches (279 to 381mm) of KC armour, except for the turret roofs, which were 5 inches thick. The RN conducted two inquiries into the reasons for the ship's quick demise. HMS Warspite bombarding defensive positions off Normandy, 6 June 1944. The stern of the Hood was located, with the rudder still in place, and it was found that this was set to port at the time of the explosion. He joined HMS Copra on the 7th of November 1943 and was lent three times to HMS Dundonald. They both had on board 5 million in gold bullion. Whatever caused the explosion, it proved fatal for the ship and most of her crew. A second inquiry was held after complaints that the first board had failed to consider alternative explanations, such as an explosion of the ship's torpedoes. Ord. Captain Arthur Pridham assumed command on 1 February 1936 and Hood returned to Portsmouth for a brief refit between 26 June and 10 October 1936. She had cost 6,025,000 to build. [97][98], The expedition also took the opportunity to re-film the wreck and survey her using techniques unavailable in 2001. The search team also planned to stream video from the remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) directly to Channel 4's website. Deborah. Hood was straddled during the engagement by Dunkerque; shell splinters wounded two men. -H.M.S. The HMS Hood, originally launched in 1918, . HMS Hood was a battlecruiser not a battleship, a flawed concept from the Edwardian age that sacrificed armour for speed in the mistaken belief the latter would protect her when under fire from 'heavy' opponents. [47] The battlecruiser squadron visited Lisbon in January 1925 to participate in the Vasco da Gama celebrations before continuing on to the Mediterranean for exercises. -H.M.S. CREWMAN Served from 1942 - 1941 Served in HMS Rodney. over 3 years). The outbreak of the Second World War made removing her from service near impossible, and as a consequence, she never received the scheduled modernisation afforded to other capital ships such as Renown and several of the Queen Elizabeth-class battleships. One was on each side of the amidships control tower and the third was on the centreline abaft the aft control position. Answer (1 of 4): Three. Only Hood was completed, because the ships were very expensive and required labour and material that could be put to better use building merchant ships needed to replace those lost to the German U-boat campaign. [32], She was launched on 22 August 1918 by the widow of Rear Admiral Sir Horace Hood, a great-great-grandson of Admiral Samuel Hood, after whom the ship was named.