Popular culture and the wider world Popular culture. on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. DADABHOY: But even that is so problematic, right? One of the reasons why traveling is important for everyone is because it helps us become more inclusive and have a . So that, you know, the noble Moor Abd al-Malik, hes also called a barbarian and he calls himself a barbarian. Garland Scott is the associate producer. We see here already Othello as kind of being hypersexualized and also criminalized in a way through the elopement. People of color were called "savage.". First in his heavenly ministers whom, as the church affirmeth, he hath constituted to be in divers degrees, called hierarchies. This podcast episode, In the Old Age, Black Was Not Counted Fair, was produced by Richard Paul. we find little evidence; and this very absence must be our starting-point. . I think there is a preconceived notion for people who dont go deep into the scholarship on race. And yet, I am a scholar who is located in a body, who is located in a race, who is located in a gender and a sexuality and all of these things that influence how I think. All these issues can affect team dynamics in various ways. DADABHOY: Yes. Critical Race Conversations: Race and PedagogyWatch Dr. Dadabhoy and Dr. Nedda Mehdizadeh in the first of the Folger Institutes Critical Race Conversations, then check out the rest of our conversations on YouTube. Generations of Christians throughout the whole world have been consumed . Ben Lauer is the web producer. The water, which is somewhat consolidate and approacheth to corruption, is next unto the earth. All rights reserved. The Elizabethans were very patriotic and inclined to distant foreigners, especially from about 1570 onwards when the pope excommunicating Elizabeth, and declared it was not . Well, is it that theres a negro Moor and then just Moors? The types of attitude in psychology that is often stated are. I mean such fathers of families as were the lineal heirs of those families whereof kings did originally come, for kings had their first original from them who planted and spread themselves in colonies through the world. . The Chinese culture is among the oldest cultures around the world, hence its rich history and traditions. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. "useRatesEcommerce": false The Elizabethan Era, during which Shakespeare lived and wrote, is also known for Sir Francis Drake's exploration of the "new world," the English defeat of the Spanish Armada (a naval campaign to invade and bring Roman Catholicism back to England), Sir Walter Raleigh's colonial exploration, the blossoming of theatre and poetry in England . On the contrary, the male is more ready to help, and, as it hath been said, more brave than the female; and . What this study adds to existing knowledge To the best of our . Then after this battle, we have a new king, who is al-Mansur. Let them negotiate and recommend and you're much more likely to be happy in marriage. The poor and attitudes to poverty. In the upper classes, marriage was seen as a means of gaining property, friends, and allies; therefore, marriages among wealthy landowners were more likely arranged than those among people from lower classes. A good deal of mutual affection existed in most marriages, with wives occupying a separate but subordinate sphere in the family economy. This was partly due to their lack of understanding and knowledge of other cultures. Venice was a very important trading center. The females of all animals are less violent in their passions than the males, except the female bear and pardalis [panther], for the female of these appears more courageous than the male. Elizabethan England was highly patriarchal in attitudes and structure. BOGAEV: Its complicated. Gives a prose account of intriguing females such as Eve, Jezebel, etc. But now to prove by example of those things that be within the compass of man's knowledge, of what estimation order is, not only among men, but also with God, albeit his wisdom, bounty, and magnificence, can be with no tongue or pen sufficiently expressed. Those things were quite common. So, if Islamic characters are converting to Christianity or Black pagan characters are converting to Christianity, they might also be turning white, sometimes literally, in these romances, but other times just symbolically. From the Folger Shakespeare Library, this is Shakespeare Unlimited. Is one white and one not white? So, in my recent article on The Battle of Alcazarthat is a play that predates Othello, and it really kind of was one that was really influential in showcasing Moors on the early modern stage. In this period, the use of negro in various European languages is always connected to the kinds of discourses that we associate with race. In what ways I had a preconceived notion of what I was going to find. DADABHOY: Because its, I saw his visage in his mind. Does that mean you didnt see his visage that the whole world can see? When we look at medieval writings seeking for information that bears on the question, 'what attitudes to foreigners were traditional in English literature?' Yet, Shakespeare's plays were not originally conceived for other than performative ends4.Any reflexion on the introduction or use of his plays in cultural studies should therefore take live . Yeah. And Cyprus is quite close to, sort of, the center of power of the Ottoman Empire, thinking about Istanbul. BOGAEV: Your dissertation has no relevance to the period? Are the foolish and wicked worthy of so extraordinary a favor, who, being the worst part of the world, should they be preferred before the rest? And in things subject to nature, nothing of himself only may be nourished, but when he hath destroyed that wherewith he doth participate by the order of his creation, he himself of necessity must then perish, whereof ensueth universal dissolution. But we might want to think about how they got to Spain. The number of poor was increasing and people were far less charitable. BOGAEV: Right. Im Michael Witmore, the Folgers director. That its used as a keyword. Ben Lauer is the web producer, with help from Leonor Fernandez. The word insular might have been coined to describe us. In relation to the changing ideas about childhood over the centuries, there are several points of discussion that arise. There were two types of poor in Elizabethan England. I dont want to essentialize identity, but I think that for white scholars, if youve never had to think about race as a thing that you have to concern yourself with in your life, because you dont think about whiteness as being a raced category, then youre not going to have the tools to be able to even understand that race is in front of you when its just standing there. I mean, that has, I think, troubled this play so much in terms of where does the Moor fit into this discourse about empire? To save content items to your account, Dr. Ambereen Dadabhoy is an assistant professor of literature at Harvey Mudd College in Claremont, California. Blackness working in concert with villainy, untrustworthiness, fit for servitude, But also a warning, right? The impact of foreigners on a community or a culture is affected, obviously enough, both by the opportunities for contact and knowledge that exist, and by the framework of assumptions within which information about foreign lands and customs is presented and received. Our April festival celebrating 400 years of Shakespeare's First Folio, Our award-winning performances of Shakespeare, adaptations, and new works, Our early music ensemble Folger Consort and more, Our longstanding O.B. Only a few, and recent, studies demonstrate the existence of different cultural atti-tudes towards money in a single national context (Medina, Speaking to colonialism and power and geopolitics in the play, Venice and Cyprus are very important to the action. As early as 1585, Philip had begun to prepare a great fleet that, under the command of Santa Cruz, would invade England. The example, influence, and reality of Jesus have provided a touch point for all Christian traditions. I mean, it just requires really teaching this whole period differently, it seems. However, though the society was patriarchal, new ideas and thinking were evolv We had technical help from Andrew Feliciano at Voice Trax West in Studio City, California. What was the framework of assumptions concerning foreigners? The air, which next to the fire, is most pure in substance, is in the second sphere or place. Iago calls to Brabantio to 'look to your house, your daughter, and your bags' claiming 'you're robbed' by 'thieves'. MICHAEL WITMORE: How far should we look back to find the attitudes that bolster white supremacy? While attitudes are enduring, they can also change. Shakespeare Lightning Round: Ambereen DadabhoyHead over to Instagram TV to learn which Shakespeare play is Dadabhoys favorite and which one she thinks is overrated. There could be no mistaking who she was. Women were not allowed to claim any independence but were considered subservient to their male relatives, whether husbands, brothers, or fathers. DADABHOY: Yeah. Is that how you see it? The earth, trees, seeds, plants, herbs, corn, grass, and all manner of beasts, keep themselves in their order: all the parts of the whole year, as winter, summer, months, nights, and days, continue in their order: all kinds of fish in the sea, rivers, and waters, with all fountains, springs, yea, the seas themselves, keep their comely curfew and order: and man himself also hath all his parts both within and without, as soul, heart, mind, memory, understanding, reason, speech, with all and singular corporal members of his body, in a profiltable, necessary, and pleasant order: every degree of people in their vocation, calling, and office, hath appointed to them their duty and order: some are in high degree, some inlow, some kings and princes, some inferiors and subjectgs, priests and laymen, masters and servants, fathers and children, husands and wives, rich and poor; and every one hath need of other; so that in all things is to be lauded and praised the goodly order of God, without the which no house, no city, no commonwealth can continue and endure, or last. According to a new Yale study, negative attitudes towards plagiarism may be more universal than previously thought. Benefits. Marriage: Early marriage was more common among the nobility and gentry than further down the social scale. Your parents and friends are better equipped than you are to look out for your best interests, being mature and experienced in the world. Although as I have said ordinarily and by the common law, the eldest son inheriteth all the lands, yet in some countries all the sons have equal portion, and that is called ganelkinde, and is in many places in Kent. So may the king deal With his subjects. So, Shakespearean audiences, then, already had exposure to, or thoughts along, these lines, and theyre getting it from different aspects of culture. When we come to a country with a very different culture, the feeling of insecurity as an expatriate, spouse, or traveling business person is of course much higher than in our native cultural milieu. His lack of self-esteem makes him an easy prey for the white devil, lago. BOGAEV: That is so interesting, that Shakespeares audiences would have some kind of familiarity with a population thats so diverse, in terms of Otherness, I guess: non-white. We are working through this pandemic helping people in need with delivery. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox. . I feel this very strongly every time I see the play performed, that it just doesnt work for me. In shocking his audience with this deviation from the norm, Shakespeare presents a reality that African men are indeed civil, literate, faithful husbands. DADABHOY: Yeah. DADABHOY: So, I think a lot about Othello of course. In the Renaissance period England, like the rest of Europe, acquired modern-style maps; trade-contacts with Turkey and Russia became a commonplace feature of economic life; visitations of Red Indians, Eskimos, and Negroes, an influx of refugees from Europe, plantations in the New World, and knowledge of other European ventures of a similar kind - all this might seem to give the average Englishman of the early seventeenth century almost as much expertise in physical geography as is possessed by his modern counterpart. Wherefore women are more compassionate and more readily made to weep, more jealous and querulous, more fond of railing, and more contentious The female also is more subject to depression of spirits and despair than the male. There be three principal similitudes that illustrates the state of monarchy. His presentation of women was depend ent upon the thinking of the society surrounding him. See we not plainly that obedience of creatures unto the law of nature is the stay of the whole world? Differences in attitudes towards disclosure. It is generally considered foolish to marry for love, although love may occur in marriage. DADABHOY: Yes. During the Elizabethan time there where many differences from now a days. DADABHOY: English people are already trainedand we have scholars like Anthony Barthelemy has talked about this in his book Black Face, Maligned Race, where the image of blackness, as associated with sin, with the devil, all of these things, makes it quite easy to map onto then Black people these kinds of characteristics. So I think for me the play kind of presents the illusion of what a tolerant society might be, but its really about the danger of letting others into the familiar and intimate spaces of your society. hasContentIssue true, https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521064309.005, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. But somehow scholars look at this play and argue that race and racism as we understand it are present in it because the term Moor is so inexact and ambiguous. But, you know, and heres the benefit of studying scholars of race like Stuart Hall, for example, who very clearly tells us that race is a discourse, and it is a shifting discourse. 3.2. But that still doesnt address the fact of Othellos Blackness. One of the things that I understand about how the geography works in informing Othellos construction is that were deep in the eastern Mediterranean with this play; so were moving from Venice to Cyprus. Some of the factors that influence cultural differences in human-companion animal relationships are addressed, including the role of religion and symbolism and the role of veterinary medicine. The Prince doth participate to them all, or so many of them as he shall think good, such legations anal messages as come from foreign Princes, such letters or occurrents [news] as be sent to himself or to his secretaries, and keepeth so many ambassades [messages] and letters sent unto him secret as he will, although these have particular oath of a councillor touching faith and secrets administered unto them when they be first admitted into that company. . For if you will consider the attributes to God, you shall see how they agree in the person of a king. At the centre was Queen Elizabeth I, 'The Virgin Queen' and the latter part of . During this time, racism was common. ; ; HAND Children are the Future. Culture is a word for the 'way of life' of groups of people, meaning the way they do things. And it were an idle head that would in place of physic so poison or phlebotomize [bleed] the body as might breed a dangerous distemper or destruction thereof. I mean, does negro becomes the freighted word or a slur or a conflation of color into race? Published online by Cambridge University Press: A culture is passed on to the next generation by learning, whereas genetics are passed on by heredity.Culture is seen in people's writing, religion, music, clothes, cooking and in what they do.. Garland Scott is the associate producer.