This was, however, turned down by a plebiscite. In 1457, the Sultanate of Sulu was founded, and not long after that, the sultanates of Maguindanao and Buayan were also established. Majul, Cesar Adib. 1 reference. Mosque in the Philippines. Cagayan De Oro City: Xavier University. Pre-Islamic literature consists of the antoka (riddles), pananaroon (proverbs), tubad-tubad (short love poems), verses recited during kandaonga (courtship), tutul (folktales), Pilandok tales, and the epics Darangen and Raja Indarapatra. From 1996 to 1998, during the administration of former President Fidel Ramos, several agreements between the Philippine government and the MILF were signed, including an agreement on cessation of hostilities in July 1997 and a general framework agreement of intent on August 1998. During the Philippine-American War, the Americans adopted a policy of noninterference in the Muslim areas, as spelled out in the Bates Agreement of 1899, signed by Brig General John Bates and Sultan Jamalul Kiram II of Jolo. Tubular Skirt, Umbrella, Hammock, Mosquito Net and Work of Art. In Filipino Heritage: The Age of Trade and Contacts. The film received a Special Jury Prize at the 3rd Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival in 2007. She decides to play a trick on him for not teaching her the art of singing. Supreme Court. The timber industry is important, and there are gold, nickel, iron, and coal deposits. what are the similarities of luzon, visayas and mindanao what are the similarities of luzon, visayas and mindanao They continue their trek until they find a place that Butuanon claims as his property and names it Bayabao, literally I am the one who chose first. Butuanon marries Baisa Kisali sa Miyakarang. Sining Kambayoka. In CCP Encyclopedia of Philippine Art, edited by Doreen G. Fernandez, vol. The Maranao joined several anti-American uprisings in Lanao. A traditional way of testing the torogans durability was to have two carabaos fight inside the structure. From 1998 to 2007, voters in five towns of Lanao del Sur could not cast their votes in regular election days because of failure of elections. Another ritual related to the kashawing is the kazeriringan, which is dedicated to the spirits the community invokes to ensure the protection of both people and crops from illness and pestilence. 6734 which signed into law by President Corazon Aquino on August 1, 1989. Then, on September 19, 2001, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo's Executive Order No. Illicit Drugs, Politics and Violent Conflict in Lanao del Sur and Maguindanao. In Out of the Shadows: Violent Conflict and the Real Economy of Mindanao, edited by Francisco J. Lara, Jr. and Steven Schoofs, 113-154. In the plebiscite, a majority of votes cast in the original four provinces were in favor of the amendments; outside these areas, only Marawi and the province of Basilan (excluding Isabela City) opted to be included in the ARMM. Office of . 0 references. During World War II, the Muslims in general supported the fight against the Japanese, who were less tolerant and harsher to them than the Manila government. 6734 (otherwise known as the Organic Act) in pursuance with a constitutional mandate to provide for an autonomous area in Muslim Mindanao. Miravite, Rosalina. 2005, 3). His personal prestige may be affected in such a case, but his claims and his capacity to give these to his children cannot be touched (Warriner 1975, 40-41). The various Bisaya groups, including the Cebuano, comprise the dominant group in the province at 60%. 2012. The rhythmic clapping of the bamboos speeds up as the dancers keep up with all the grace and agility that they can muster. The andon type of malong is made by applying the tie-dye process on the thread. Land ownership is difficult to assess as property transfer is often contested by traditional claims. The finer the patterns and the more subdued the colors, the higher the price. The texts are essentially childrens rhymes, as in A. Madales (1975) example: Of multicolored snakes and striped crocodiles. In Maranao stories, birds, shrimps, and sparrows often play the protagonists. The plebiscite was conducted in the proposed area of ARMM on November 17, 1989, in the provinces of Maguindanao, Lanao del Sur, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. On Eid-el-Adha (day of sacrifice), every pilgrim who can afford it must sacrifice an animal to reenact the event. Visitors from Across Many Seas, edited by Alfredo Roces, 671-672. The Economic Life of Muslim Filipinos. Mindanao Journal (October-December): 69-83. Its primary objective when it was founded in 1974 was the inclusion of Mindanao theater traditions in mainstream consciousness and its concerns were national in scope (Rivera 1994, 401). In 2013, it swept major awards in the Student Category of the 5th Cinemagis Digital Short Film Festival at the Xavier University in Cagayan de Oro City, which was sponsored by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. In the 1970s, escalating hostilities between government forces and the Moro National Liberation Front prompted President Ferdinand Marcos to issue a proclamation forming an Autonomous Region in the Southern Philippines. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who succeeded the ousted President Estrada, suspended the military offensive against the MILF, and sought a resumption of peace negotiations. However, in Lanao del Surs capital city of Marawi, the Maranao comprise 96% of the population. It is believed that if the wifes wishes are not granted or if she is given cause for worry, a miscarriage or a serious illness may follow. 1977. Ashes are applied to the cut portion to stop the bleeding. 1975. It is the only region that has its own government. June 25, 2018. 2015. But the shrimp dies anyway. Giant Lantern Festival. Tutob. Additional designs called borda, adapted from traditional okir motifs, are embroidered on the malong. The cities of Isabela and Cotabato were not under the administrative jurisdiction of the ARMM despite the former being part of Basilan and the latter geographically considered but not politically part of Maguindanao province. Until the passage of Republic Act No. But behind this thing, only authentic Maranaw fellow can properly pronounce it. Marawi City: From Kota to a Metropolis. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. After he has bought rice for his familys lunch, he picks up a passenger who holds a gun to him and drives away with his tricycle. An example of a religious quiza is the Izra-wal-Miraj, which tells the story of why Muslims pray five times a day. 1976, 71-72). McFarland, Curtis, comp. Vocal music differs from instrumental in at least the following respects: the onor are pembalbegan or hired for weddings, funerals and wakes, or any festive occasions; appreciation of vocal music requires knowledge of a special language and forms; and the pedagogy of kaplogo is based on the guru system. A suitable wife must be found. AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO FESTIVALS ALIWAN FESTIVAL An Annual festival held at Star City Complex, Pasay City. former administrative territorial entity. 2015. A few companies that had invested in ARMM-covered provinces before the peace deal with the MNLF have fared well, however, despite the volatile situation in the region. Darangen: Epic of History. Volume 12 of Land and Peopleseries. If the delivery is delayed, the wife is made to drink a ginger mixture. This larger organization of hamlets is the effective political community, and its strong federal system serves to unite the four Maranao pengampong (states or encampments)Bayabao, Masiu, Unayan, and Balo-iinto the pat-a-pengampong ko ranao under the taritib (ancient order of customs, traditions, and usages observed in the community). And so what had been Mantapoli became Lake Lanao. The construction of hydroelectric infrastructure in and around Lake Lanao, with the aim of providing power to the rest of Mindanao, adversely affected the situation of the lake. In 1942, during the early stages of the Pacific War of the Second World War, troops of the Japanese Imperial Forces invaded and overran Mindanao, and the native Moro Muslims waged an insurgency against the Japanese. The lead performer starts chanting the dikir (dirge song) and, upon reaching a high note, stops for the next persons turn. Upon the request of President Duterte, members of the Congress approved the series of extensions of martial law in the Mindanao group of islands from 23 May 2017 to 31 December 2019. Aquilino Pimentel Jr., a Duterte ally and advocate for federalism, said in an interview[when?] Casal, Gabriel. In the celebration, the Maulud is sung. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao region was first created on August 1, 1989, through Republic Act No. . 1975. One outstanding example of Maranao metalwork is the silver in-laid, brass sarimanok piece from Taraka. In unserem Vergleich haben wir die unterschiedlichsten 70413 lego am Markt unter die Lupe genommen und die wichtigsten Eigenschaften, die Kostenstruktur und die Bewertungen der Kunden abgewogen. Muslim Separatism. Muslim Brassware. Video:SINGKIL - Bayanihan Alumni Association. The referendum was boycotted by the Muslims themselves. Marawi City: Mindanao State University. Each layer of heaven has a different color and is guarded by an angel. This moved changed Region XII into the present SOCCSKSARGEN. Because of their education, they are able to exercise considerable influence in Maranao society. The kindest is the deer. Thoughts? Finally, he gets his shining kampilan, which is as blinding as the sun when it glitters. Arts and Culture: Metropolis. Click the City website. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. The three other brothers go on and find a place that they call Masiu, literally a place where Lanaos royal bloods meet. Batara Sa Kilatun claims it and later marries Nomonao sa Raginai. Commonly fashioned items include the horn sarimanok, which is smaller than the usual sarimanok; and the gukum, a mortar-shaped wax container. Former President Joseph Estrada, who by then had already replaced President Ramos, declared and carried out an all-out war against the MILF. http://www.nscb.gov.ph/poverty/data/fullterm2012/Report. Directed by MSU-IIT (Iligan Institute of Technology) alumna Krissza Mari Campano, the film received multiple awards from the 2012 MSU-IIT Institute for Peace Development in Mindanao (IPDM). Death is confirmed when the pulse is no longer felt and is announced by gongs and rifle fire. 2001. Hence, its plays are in Filipino, that is, Tagalog and Bisaya or Cebuano, with a few Maranao interjections. The episodes in the narrative include the winning of Tuwan Tihayas hand by Mangandiri, who is able to kick the rattan ball called sipa to the penthouse of the princess; the abduction of the princess by Maharadia Lawana, who takes the form of a golden goat; and the rescue of the princess by Mangandiri and his brother, Laksamana, a monkey prince conceived by Potre Langaui when the latter swallowed one of the testicles which Mangandiri lost. MSU-Marawi is also host to the dance group Darangan Cultural Dance Troupe founded by dancer, trainer, and professor Henrietta Ele in 1966. Manila: The Presidential Commission for the Rehabilitation and Development of Southern Philippines. They bear him several daughters, and the family members live harmoniously. The four brothers create the four sultanates, which survive to this day. It is believed that if God had not granted Muhammads request, the Muslims today would have to pray 50 times a day. Click the City. In big weddings, the kulintang, a musical instrument consisting of eight graduated gongs laid horizontally on a stand called langkongan, is played on top of an arko. In grief, the sparrow promises never to leave its wifes dead body. COTABATO CITY, Philippines The local communities are learning a lot on the ethnicity of the original southern inhabitants from mock villages in the capitol here of the Autonomous Region in. The religious elite consists of the imam (religious leader), kali (religious judge), religious teachers, preachers, and pious men. Mindanao, island, the second largest (after Luzon) in the Philippines, in the southern part of the archipelago, surrounded by the Bohol, Philippine, Celebes, and Sulu seas. Production of shrimps and shells has decreased by 74%, while tilapia production decreased by 35%. The membership at the time of ARMM's abolition was 24, where 6 are from Lanao del Sur including Marawi City, 6 from Maguindanao, 6 from Sulu, 3 from Basilan, and 3 from Tawi-Tawi. Motifs are produced in various ways, such as weaving black over white or one square over another. Cylindrical baskets are made with the radial arrangement of the spokes. Folk Baskets. In Filipino Heritage: The Making of a Nation, edited by Alfredo Roces, vol. 1977. Performance & security by Cloudflare. [21] RA 9054 lapsed into law on March 31, 2001, without the signature of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. The first subdivides into four territories: forbidden, that is, Mecca and Medina; reserve, that is, Iraq, Syria, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Egypt, Afghanistan, and other areas controlled by Muslims; canonical, where Muslims are allowed to practice their faith in a non-Islamic country, like the Philippines; and irredentist, of which Muslims had control until they were forced out by nations like Spain and Israel. The Lakes Scientific and Socioeconomic Importance. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. The President exercised general supervision over the Regional Governor. At the behest of younger Maranao farmers, elders may recite a prayer to drive away rats: Assalamoalaikom ko elaw, leyawaw ka di mamin, lontoka di malungan, patre ka badan kumbang ka o neyawa (May Allah be with the seeds and may there be good harvest) (Dimaporo and Fernandez 2007, 77-78). The film ends with Karims tearful lament alternating with his prayer to Allah. Daru Jambangan (Palace of Flowers) in Maimbung, Sulu before it was destroyed by a typhoon in 1932. The lakub (tobacco container) is another fine example of bamboo craft. 14 min. Posted by ARKIPELAGO on May 16, 2016. The term Maranao, Meranao, or Mranao derives from ranao, which means lake; hence, Maranao means people of the lake. The traditional home of the Maranao is the area surrounding Lake Lanao, the second largest lake in the Philippine archipelago, next to Laguna de Bay in Luzon. The film also depicts how various sociopolitical institutions have failed to provide not just the rebuilding of material structures wrought by the war in Marawi City, but also the emotional and mental support that the evacuees need. In Bumbaran, after some time, Datu Gibon decides to take other wives and make his kingdom great. The kambitiara can also be recited to praise and extol both families. Trade is conducted through the lake, thus avoiding major land transport problems. Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 2023 Top Things to Do - Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Travel Guides - Top Recommended Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Attraction Tickets, Hotels, Places to Visit, Dining, and Restaurants - Trip.com https://www.trip.com/travel-guide/destination/autonomous-region-in-muslim-mindanao-1453341/ Trip.com Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a28ede4ba26b509 The . In many ways, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) is perhaps the least known region in the Philippinesmaybe because it also the most geographically remote. Terada, Yoshitaka. Maranao architecture also includes the masjid (mosque), inspired by West Asian architecture. It was publicized on the succeeding days of the crisis that several foreign fighters linked to ISIS were among the forces fighting with Hapilons group (Quintos 2018). UNESCO has cited several reasons for this, including the epics rich vocabulary and archaic linguistic forms that can only be understood by practitioners, elders and scholars. These, and the Maranao embracing more mainstream and modern ways of living, may cause its eventual extinction. A House in Pieces premiered at the DaangDokyu Film Festival in October 2020 and won the Golden Hercules Award from the Kasseler Dokfest in Germany (Veric 2020). The traditional Maranao garments were stylized by costume and stage designer Salvador Bernal to complement the geometrical lines of his stage design (Manipon 2008). It is possible for a prestigious person of one agama to have only the privileges and obligations of a slave in another. The Muslim Filipinos. ARMM - Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Philippines Edukasyon Hiroshima University -2016 - 2016. Maranao boni-boniyan applies to the whole range of the instrumental repertoire produced by various musical instruments. 1976. After delivery, the umbilical cord is tied to the nearest base and cut with an irab (a bamboo slit). Kaganat sa darangen, literally to stand from the darangen, is an attempt by the performer to interpret and reenact, in song and dance, the journey of Prince Lomna to propose marriage in behalf of his father Bantingen. The manner of holding the kampilan (cutlass) and the logistics of warfare are all depicted. The kite makers compete according to size, color, and stability of their kites. To these verses, the girls spokesperson will probably indicate, after a series of exchanges, that the boy must exert more effort because, like a bird, the girl can alight and build a nest of her own. In the Philippines, the celebration falls on the same day as the Morad a datu, a feast hosted by the local datu in his community. Famous People 1. The Mindanao Programme Development and Coordination Support reports to the Assistant FAOR for Programme. The top official was tasked to appoint the members of the cabinet, subject to confirmation by the Regional Legislative Assembly and also had control of all the regional executive commissions, agencies, boards, bureaus, and offices. The two are married and a boy, Raja Indarapatra, is born to them. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. With basically a subsistence economy, the Maranao standard of living has not improved substantially despite an increase in the number of professionals who have had access to formal education (Plagata et al. Ranging from 10 to 17.5 centimeters in length, the vertical strip comes in alizarine red base inwoven with multicolored motifs, ranging from the strictly geometric and the curvilinear, to the leaf and vine. One of the three vignettes that project a cultural image of the greatness of the Filipino people, "Langgal" (prayer house) represents Mindanao which is predominantly composed of Muslims. Inside are carved panels and the tinai a walai (intestines) or central beam of the house. This ritual, performed just before dawn, seeks a bountiful harvest from the benevolent spirits. In 1891, Governor-General Valeriano Weyler personally led a campaign against the Maguindanao and Maranao. A plebiscite was held on November 1989 to determine the provinces that would comprise the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). In the early 17th century, the largest alliance composed of the Maranao, Maguindanao, Tausug, and other Muslim groups was formed by Maguindanaos Sultan Kudarat, also known as Cachel Corralat, whose domain extended from the Davao Gulf to Dapitan on the Zamboanga peninsula. ( However, it should be noted that in the near future the likelihood of armed clashes,. brian baschnagel obituary; amelie mccann athletics; ark alpha megapithecus trophy spawn command. They were simply against any form of foreign encroachment into their traditions and beliefs. Recognizing this problem, the national government under the administration of President Corazon Aquino created the Lake Lanao Watershed Protection and Development Council in 1992. He takes his klong (shield), made of the hardest wood and from which small bells hang. In retaliation, the Muslims raided Visayan towns in Panay, Negros, and Cebu. 20 created a Regional Autonomous Government in the Western and Central Mindanao regions.[17]. This event is reenacted as one of the rites performed during the yearly pilgrimage to Mecca. The national system has had varied effects on the traditional political structure. The dancers may employ other paraphernalia like mosala (kerchief), fan or bamboo sticks, shield, and kris. Very little is known of the early architectural designs of the Maranao mosque for the following reasons: many of the earlier mosques used temporary materials like wood, bamboo, and cogon; the remaining earlier types were either demolished, destroyed by fire or earthquake, or remodeled according to West Asian designs; the yearly sojourn to Mecca influenced and eventually changed all earlier types; and very little has been written on the subject. There are three methods of brass making: the batak (hammering process); garaoang or kapanabas (cut-out process); and the kapanowang (casting process). The first process is composed of two subprocesses: pamokpok (plain hammering) and the stamping process, where embossed designs are hammered into the article. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Press. 2013. The price is determined by the size, workmanship, and patterns used. These wars made the Maranao perfect their own defense through the kota (fortification of rock and earth), camouflaged with vegetation. This led to the defeat of Kudarats feared admiral, Datu Tagal, who had raided pueblos in the Visayas. 9054 in 2001, which directed the ARMM Regional Government to once again fix a new permanent seat of government in an area within its jurisdiction,[21] Cotabato City remained the de facto seat of ARMM's government. It is her soul that takes the exam, in fulfillment of her parents dream for her to finish her schooling. The interior of the mosque is laid out according to the nature of salat (Islamic prayer), which is announced from tall minarets. When this occurs, the Maranao play their gongs and recite: Arimaonga boka inga so alan ka mbangkitun a doniya (Lion, please release the moon because the world will come to an end). The ritual of bringing the bride to the grooms place for the first time entails a price, and this must be paid. Durante, Ofelia, Norma Gomez, Ester Sevilla, and Howard Maego. The ARMM included the province of Shariff Kabunsuan from its creation in 2006 until July 16, 2008, when Shariff Kabunsuan ceased to exist as a province after the Supreme Court of the Philippines declared the "Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act 201", which created it, unconstitutional in Sema v. COMELEC and Dilangalen. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. This law can become the basis for the successful implementation of the idea of autonomy of Mindanao. They are garbed in Maranao finery, complete with kerchief and tobao (a turban tied around the head) with one end pointing stiffly upwards. Got Something to Say? A specific episode in the epic that is about public speaking is the kaplomna, derived from the name of a son of the hero Bantugen. These five towns are Madalum, Lumbatan, Lumba-Bayabao, Bayang, and Sultan Dumalondong (GMA News 2007). Every agama is organized into two or more bangsa (ambilineal descent lines), each of which owns at least one hereditary title. Autonomous region in Mindanao, Philippines Bangsamoro Autonomous region Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Filipino: Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Bangsamoro sa Muslim Mindanao Arabic: Province of North Cotabato vs. Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain. Supreme Court of the Philippines website. Islam became the catalyst for Maranao political integration, the process of which was frustrated by the rise of the Maguindanao royalty. [15] The 400-year-long resistance against the Japanese, Americans, and Spanish by the Moro Muslims persisted and morphed into their current war for independence against the Philippine state.[16]. Set in a war-stricken place where the military is on red alert due to recent bombings, the Maranao man becomes a victim of stereotyping that Moro people always endure. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. In 2001, as a result of a referendum, RA 9054 provided for the inclusion of Marawi City in the ARMM, along with the province of Basilan, except Isabela City. 1975. Establishment of the ARMM The Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao region was first created on August 1, 1989 through Republic Act No. The datus of Bumbaran meet one day and express concern about the unmarried state of their datu. A weak formal system of justice and the proliferation of firearms further contribute to the outbreak and escalation of rido-related violence. Manila: Lahing Pilipino Publishing. Lesson 1: Ethno-linguistic Groups of Bangsamoro. Local terms for political leadership show little Islamic influence. http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2008/october2008/183591.htm. Nowadays, with slavery abolished, stratification depends more on wealth and power, and is expressed in the bangsa system. Some Maranao houses have posts resting on rounded boulders; these floating foundations prevent the structures from collapsing during earthquakes. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. Tutob (Skullcap), 2012, is a day-in-the-life story of a Maranao man driving a motorcycle to fetch a package in the city. The dance forms are extremely formal. Francisco, Juan R. 1969. Leonor Orosa-Goquingco (July 24, 1917 - July 15, 2005) was a 1976 Filipino national artist in creative dance. that is the mystery of our language why it is very hard to learn by other local Filipinos.=x=x=x=x=x=. Isolated cases of armed resistance were quickly crushed, among them the skirmish between the followers of Datu Amai of Sisiman and the Philippine Constabulary (PC) in 1921, the uprising of the Muslims of Tugaya and Ganassi in 1923, and the revolt of Datu Pandak in 1924, whose movement fizzled out when he died. The entire kingdom then sank into what is now Lake Lanao. Sagayan (war dance) also originates from the epic. At night, the sultan dreams of making love to a woman transformed from the golden bird, and in his dream, the woman becomes pregnant and gives birth to a child, who is named Raja Solaiman. The regional governor and regional vice governor had a 3-year term, maximum of 3 terms; deputies' terms are coterminous with the term of the regional governor who appointed them. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department, Iloilo, Philippines; Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, Los Baos, Laguna, Philippines; and Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Quezon City, Philippines. Author/s: Nagasura Madale, and Gary E. P. Cheng (1994) / Updated by Jake Soriano and Rosario Cruz-Lucero, with notes from Jay Jomar F. Quintos (2018 and 2021) and Gonzalo Campoamor II (2021). When Abraham is about to kill his son, the angel Gabriel appears, and instantly a sacrificial lamb is substituted. 4, 779-84. The hero, Raja Indarapatra, has two sons by Karibang, a water nymph. Sultans and Mayors: The Relation of a National to an Indigenous Political System. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Its primary objective when it was founded in 1974 was the inclusion of Mindanao theater traditions in mainstream consciousness and its concerns were national in scope (Rivera 1994, 401). The married couple decides to alternate daily between land and water. An autonomous region of the Philippines, located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that consisted of five predominantly Muslim provinces: Basilan (except Isabela City), Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. Okkil Art: Our Middle Eastern Tradition. The Spanish Colonial Period (16th Century): The Day of the Conquistador. The short film ends on an edifying footage about how prejudice and discrimination may lead to conflict and wars. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is the region located in the Mindanao Island group of the Philippines that is composed of predominantly Muslim provinces, namely: Basilan (except Isabela City), Lanao Del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. http://repository.seafdec.org.ph. Top Brass from Our Deep South. The Age of Trade and Contacts: Visitors from Across Many Seas. Sohara commanded Diabarail to call on the Four Winds of the WorldAngin-Taupan, Angin-Besar, Angin-Darat, and Angin-Sarsarto create an outlet for the lake. In 2020, Mindanawon filmmaker Jean Claire Dy and German artist Manuel Domes directed the documentary A House in Pieces. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. It was composed of the regional governor, 1 regional vice governor, and 3 deputy regional governors (each representing the Christians, the Muslims, and the indigenous cultural communities).