This type of graph is useful for identifying medians and quartiles and other percentiles. infestation taint, transmission contamination infection, transmission infection taint infectivity transmission poisoning transmission exposure transmission taint contagion infection, taint invasion infection Filters transmission, biologic indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent undergoes biologic changes inside the vector as part of its life cycle before it is transmitted to the host (see also transmission, mechanical). Epidemics of Omicron and influenza have both contributed to those high mortality levels in late 2022. droplet spread the direct transmission of an infectious agent by means of the aerosols produced in sneezing, coughing, or talking that travel only a short distance before falling to the ground. hyperendemic the constant presence at high incidence and prevalence of an agent or health condition within a given geographic area or population. Q. I was wondering the rate at which alcohol induces brain damage. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. descriptive epidemiology see epidemiology, descriptive. This television programme has had some very bad ratings recently. 2. . trend movement or change in frequency over time, usually upwards or downwards. Synonym: Retina Degeneration. confounding the distortion of the association between an exposure and a health outcome by a third variable that is related to both. privacy rule a set of regulations based on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information. Cohort studies can be either prospective or retrospective. Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. antonyms. mode the most frequently occurring value in a set of observations (see also measure of central location). The number of live births per 1000 in the population in a given year. incidence a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occurs among a population during a specified period. Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. Found 2 synonyms 1. infection rate 2. The key differences between two common pathogens. We study 5,916 people who have Escherichia urinary tract infection or Peak expiratory flow rate decreased. study, observational a study in which the investigator observes rather than influences exposure and disease among participants. This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. Using the term to describe the person rather than the health condition is discouraged (see also case-patient). Infection. Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/infection. trial, community an experimental study that uses data from communities. An endemic disease with a high rate of infection, especially one affecting people of all ages equally. antonyms. sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases; the proportion of people with a health condition (or the proportion of outbreaks) that are identified by a screening test or case definition (or surveillance system). Based on this situation, temporary measures such as immigration inspections have been implemented since December 30, 2022 to avoid a sharp increase in the inflow of COVID-19 into Japan, and flexible responses will be taken while monitoring the infection situation in China. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. seasonality change in physiologic status or in the occurrence of a disease, chronic condition, or type of injury that conforms to a regular seasonal pattern. The denominator is the number of persons with the condition; the numerator is the number of cause-specific deaths among those persons. The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births. Most didn't develop a fever. The code for attribution links is required. variance a measure of the spread in a set of observations, calculated as the sum of the squares of deviations from the mean, divided by the number of observations minus 1 (see also standard deviation). Data as of December 2022 and NOTE: dose response & no vaxxKeep in mind that wherever there has been elevated COVID vaccine rates, there are elevated excess infections and {\displaystyle A} field epidemiology see epidemiology, field. is the average time spent in the susceptible group before becoming infected. crude mortality rate see mortality rate, crude. rates of prevalence. clinical disease a disease that has been manifested by its symptoms and features. age-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, age-specific. prevalence rates. epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. cumulative frequency curve a plot of the cumulative frequency rather than the actual frequency for each class interval of a variable. {\displaystyle \lambda } sample, random a sample of persons chosen in such a way that each one has the same (and known) probability of being selected. decision tree a branching chart that represents the logical sequence or pathway of a clinical or public health decision. mortality rate, age-adjusted a mortality rate that has been statistically modified to eliminate the effect of different age distributions among different populations. It increases, for example, in hyperthyroidism. alternative hypothesis see hypothesis, alternative. cohort, birth a group of persons born during a particular period or year. Which area in the Western Hemisphere has the highest HIV, The coauthors of the report published in Health Affairs found that hepatitis C, (20) This trial found no significant difference in, In a nationwide Canadian study, (1) researchers aimed to determine repeat HCV, Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if a disposable draping system is superior to reusable draping material in prevention of ICEDIs and hence lowering of the, Consider using non-sterile gloves during minor skin excisions (even those that require sutures) because the, In understanding the transmission dynamics in area-specific malaria epidemiological studies, the determination of Plasmodium sporozoite, A FREE screening service in Coventry has been rolled out by a sexual health charity to slash the HIV. WILDFIRE SMOKE AND COVID-19 ARE A ONE-TWO PUNCH FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY ACROSS THE U.S. COURTS MAY RECONSIDER TEMPORARY CORONAVIRUS RESTRICTIONS AS PANDEMIC DRAGS ON. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. The quantity of medicine or radiation administered per unit of time. morbidity disease; any departure, subjective or objective, from a state of physiological or psychological health and well-being. Q. Isolation refers to separation of ill persons; quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons. statistical inference generalizations developed from sample data, usually with calculated degrees of uncertainty. You can review and change the way we collect information below. range in statistics, the difference between the largest and smallest values in a distribution; in common use, the span of values from smallest to largest. bar chart a visual display in which each category of a variable is represented by a bar or column bar charts are used to illustrate variations in size among categories. In calculating neonatal mortality rates, the numerator is the number of deaths among this age group during a given period, and the denominator is the number of live births reported during the same period. association the statistical relation between two or more events, characteristics, or other variables. surveillance, medical monitoring of a person who might have been exposed to an infectious, chemical, radiologic, or other potentially causal agent, for the purpose of detecting early symptoms. Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). postneonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, postneonatal. In this situation, at a recurrence interval of 3 months (p = 0.011) and an, Comparison ofsimultaneous shunting to delayed shunting in infants with myelomeningocele in terms ofshunt, In the present study, there was no significant relationship between gender and, Conclusion: In conclusion, efficiency of disposable surgical drapes has not been demonstrated to lower infections rates in fact to the contrary we demonstrated increase in, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? Tea-flavored ice cream doesn't rate highly in my book. Synonym: Noninflammatory Retina Disease. box plot a visual display that summarizes data by using a box and whiskers format to indicate the minimum and maximum values (ends of the whiskers), interquartile range (length of the box), and median (line through the box). Comment le classeriez-vous sur une chelle de un 10? The percentage of individuals afflicted with an illness who die as a result of it. The rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease. bar chart, deviation a bar chart displaying either positive or negative differences from a baseline. epidemic the occurrence of more cases of disease, injury, or other health condition than expected in a given area or among a specific group of persons during a particular period. attributable risk percent see proportion, attributable. Search infection rate and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. variable, independent an exposure, risk factor, or other characteristic being observed or measured that is hypothesized to influence an event or manifestation (the dependent variable). virulence the ability of an infectious agent to cause severe disease, measured as the proportion of persons with the disease who become severely ill or die. independent variable see variable, independent. is directly proportional to case-control study see study, case-control. passive surveillance see surveillance, passive. That is to say, . In this study, we used a spherically symmetric compartmental ODE model to track the HIV viral dynamics in the LN and predict the contribution of ongoing replication within the LN to the whole-body proviral pool in an ARV-suppressed . Find out what connects these two synonyms. Synonyms of infection infection noun Definition of infection as in virus an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses) There is a viral infection spreading among the schoolchildren. years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. mean, arithmetic the measure of central location, commonly called the average, calculated by adding all the values in a group of measurements and dividing by the number of values in the group.